Put functional tests in tests/functional

I think it is bad for these reasons when `tests/` contains a mix of
functional and integration tests

 - Concepts is harder to understand, the documentation makes a good
   unit vs functional vs integration distinction, but when the
   integration tests are just two subdirs within `tests/` this is not
   clear.

 - Source filtering in the `flake.nix` is more complex. We need to
   filter out some of the dirs from `tests/`, rather than simply pick
   the dirs we want and take all of them. This is a good sign the
   structure of what we are trying to do is not matching the structure
   of the files.

With this change we have a clean:
```shell-session
$ git show 'HEAD:tests'
tree HEAD:tests

functional/
installer/
nixos/
```

(cherry picked from commit 68c81c7375)

tests/functional/gc-non-blocking.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# Test whether the collector is non-blocking, i.e. a build can run in
+# parallel with it.
+source common.sh
+
+needLocalStore "the GC test needs a synchronisation point"
+
+clearStore
+
+fifo=$TEST_ROOT/test.fifo
+mkfifo "$fifo"
+
+dummy=$(nix store add-path ./simple.nix)
+
+running=$TEST_ROOT/running
+touch $running
+
+(_NIX_TEST_GC_SYNC=$fifo nix-store --gc -vvvvv; rm $running) &
+pid=$!
+
+sleep 2
+
+outPath=$(nix-build --max-silent-time 60 -o "$TEST_ROOT/result" -E "
+  with import ./config.nix;
+  mkDerivation {
+    name = \"non-blocking\";
+    buildCommand = \"set -x; test -e $running; mkdir \$out; echo > $fifo\";
+  }")
+
+wait $pid
+
+(! test -e $running)
+(! test -e $dummy)
+test -e $outPath