diff --git a/src/execution.ts b/src/execution.ts
index 1cfcaa8..63679fa 100644
--- a/src/execution.ts
+++ b/src/execution.ts
@@ -172,12 +172,12 @@ export async function queueRequest(request: apiRequest) {
  * Logs used tokens to the terminal and to the database
  * @param answer the response that OpenAI returned
  * @param message the message that initiated the execution
- * @param functionRan counter of how many function have been ran
+ * @param functionRan counter of how many function have been ran (to distinct records in database)
  */
 function logUsedTokens(
     answer: ChatCompletion,
-    message: RequestMessage,
-    functionRan: number,
+    message: RequestMessage | undefined = undefined,
+    functionRan: number = 0,
   ) {
     const usage = answer.usage;
     const functionNames =
@@ -185,6 +185,12 @@ function logUsedTokens(
         v => v.type === "function" ? v.function.name : `[unknown type]`
     );
     if (usage !== undefined) {
+      if (!message) {
+        // log usage to stdout even if we can't store it in database
+        console.warn(`Used ${usage.total_tokens} (${usage.prompt_tokens} + ${usage.completion_tokens}) tokens from unknown call`);
+        // it doesn't make sense to store usage in database if we don't know where it came from
+        return;
+      }
       const channelName: string = !message.channel.isDMBased() ? `${message.channel.name} (${message.guild?.name})` : `@${getAuthor(message).tag}`;
       console.log(`Used ${usage.total_tokens} (${usage.prompt_tokens} + ${usage.completion_tokens}) tokens for ${getAuthor(message).tag} (${getAuthor(message).id}) in #${channelName}${functionNames && functionNames.length > 0 ? " [Tools: " + functionNames.join(", ") + "]" : ""}`);
 
@@ -197,7 +203,7 @@ function logUsedTokens(
           usageRequest: usage.prompt_tokens,
           usageResponse: usage.completion_tokens,
           functionName: functionNames?.join(", ") ?? null,
-          functionRan: functionNames ? functionRan : 0,
+          functionRan: functionRan,
         }
       }).catch((e => {
         console.error("Failed to push to a database");